Film editing process Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Management of Colleges Athletic Programs Assignment

The board of Colleges Athletic Programs - Assignment Example They should rapidly create time-the board abilities and frequently have minimal vacation. Understudy competitors likewise have 'a way of life that frequently includes living in a fishbowl-like air,' reports Porter (2008) as the creator alludes to Ender and Wilkie (2000, p. 125). An issue that numerous universities and understudy competitors face is one where the athletic program pioneers, for example, a mentor or athletic chief, requests that the understudy skirt a class so as to go to rehearse. In any case, the class that is in struggle with training is likewise required. At the end of the day, the understudy competitor gets himself/herself conflicted between missing a class or missing practice. It is an instance of games versus scholastics and it isn't one to be messed with as the school sports become progressively well known, all the more engaging, more sought after, and increasingly popularized. There is a negative effect of school sports on advanced education. Be that as it may, this isn't new. Splitt (2007) refers to the Chicago Tribune: [College football] is certifiably not an understudy's down as it once might have been. It is a profoundly sorted out business endeavor. The competitors who partake in it have come up through long periods of preparing; they are instructed by proficient mentors; close to nothing if any activity of common play is left to the player. The incredible matches are profoundly productive undertakings. At times the benefits go to fund school sports, here and there to pay the expense of the games amphitheater; at times the school specialists take a cut for school structures. The American culture places sports at its center, particularly intercollegiate games. Splitt (2007) alludes to her paper, Sports America 2005 when she reports that, It appears that just in sports-fixated and apparently careless America would we be able to locate an overall population that perspectives sports as too cool while the investigation of science, innovation, building, and arithmetic (STEMs) are viewed as geeky, and where competitors have an unmistakable edge with regards to school confirmation and maintenance - frequently in certificate plant like elective training programs with faulty accreditation. The creator looks at the way of life of the United States to that of China. The nation centers around training, especially building instruction. Enormous speculations are made so as to Last Name 3 manufacture schools and to improve college frameworks. Learning English is another top need as the Chinese need to get familiar with the language that is utilized in worldwide business. American schools and instructive organizations are being yielded for the continually developing and all-expending monster called corporate greed. Over the top commercialization has brought scholarly defilement, budgetary dirty tricks, expanding uses on games, and cash centered presidents who frequently see sports programs as a financial need and undergrad training as a costly irritation and who have little tolerance with change endeavors by their workforce, states Splitt (2007). School sports, for a long time presently, have been an objective for outrages and plugs. Sack (1998, p.B7) in his article, Big-Time Athletics versus Scholarly Values: It's a Rout alludes to his years playing for the University of Notre Dame in the 1960's. In spite of the fact that sports were at that point being profoundly marketed, colleges despite everything saw the significance of understudy competitors

How to Develop a Proper Author Man Crush

How to Develop a Proper Author Man Crush This is a guest post by Aram Mrjoian,  a writer of various fiction, online essays, and daily haikus. He is an avid reader and publishing professional. Follow him on Twitter: @AMrjoian575 _________________________ 1. It starts in the writing. You wonder how Peter Heller can make the apocalypse sound serene at times, how Jim Harrison can describe a good meal with more clarity than most people can describe their wedding day, or how Jack Kerouac made you consider taking Benzedrine and driving across the country to see your brother in Corvallis, Oregon, without stopping for anything more than gas and apple pie. It’s all right there in the words. The verbs and nouns, chosen by the individual, that fills you with a sense of awe and envy. Don’t be shy to sigh loudly when a certain passage strikes you, no matter if you’re at home, in class, or lounging in a coffeehouse. 2. Romanticize all of their achievements, even the crazy ones. Tell yourself Gonzo wrote remarkable prose on a diet of Wild Turkey and mescaline, pour yourself a large tumbler of bourbon, and try to write, fail miserably, and then blame it on not being Hunter S. Thompson. Try to cook a woodcock a la Jim Harrison but realize you don’t have a bird dog to hunt it, and then acknowledge special ordering a box of ten birds from the UK or settling for Cornish hens is a cop out. Order nothing but a side of bacon at a lunch counter and imagine Frank O’Hara sipping coffee next to you writing poetry, mimic the image you’ve created, and write a poem that is vacuous and derivative. Turn off your television and read solely because you know it’d make Ray Bradbury smile. 3. Treat them as your mentors and refer to them as friends. Use them to fuel your passion for living. Think about what Scott Jurek would say if you cut two miles off your morning run. What would Papa Hemingway say if you opted out of camping for fear of grizzly bears? Would James Joyce, with his constant use of portmanteaus, enjoy the term bromance or would he find it gaudy and hackneyed? Would he like that you refer to him as J.J and that you wish you were in a bromance with him? Would Peter Heller laugh at you when your kayak tips over on a lazy river? 4. Use them to help you win debates. Pull (mis)quotes from your brain when you’re discussing politics vehemently buried in a back corner booth of a seedy pub or when opining your thoughts on pizza toppings amongst a group of colleagues. Throw around their philosophies as if you helped create them. 5. Convince your girlfriend these male obsessions are normal. Try to explain to her that it’s impossible not to be wooed by the brisance of their words, the incredibility of their stories, and the daring of their adventures. Remind her that most men have never ran an ultra-marathon, or been on an expedition to the Tsangpo Gorge, or climbed a mountain with Gary Snyder. This should be easy. After all, if you’re with her, she must love books too. 6. Empathize with their shortcomings. Understand that they too are capable of failure. Remember that through all the nonsense and arrant alcoholism and uncouth missteps they are only men. Yet they kept writing, and every book you read and every word you put to paper perpetuates their love for language.

Student - 1561 Words

Utilizing Assessment to Improve Student Life The process of pre-University admission assessment can serve an important role in enhancing student motivation and achievement. Professors can help enhance student performance by sharing clearly defined learning goals. Through student involvement in the assessment process, students learn to take responsibility for their own learning. This feeling of accountability and control may increase the students’ intrinsic motivation to learn and can heighten success. Also, Professors have the opportunity to help students succeed through the implementation and communication of quality assessments. Black and William (1998) define assessment broadly to include all activities that teachers and students†¦show more content†¦Faculty and administrators, working to meet multiple and at times competing demands, too rarely focus on either improving instruction or demonstrating gains in student learning. They enroll in courses that do not require substantial reading or writing assignments ; they interact with their professors outside of classrooms rarely, if ever; and they define and understand their college experiences as being focused more on social than on academic development. Moreover, we find that learning in higher education is characterized by persistent and/or growing inequality. There are significant differences in critical thinking, complex reasoning, and writing skills when comparing groups of students from different family backgrounds and racial/ethnic groups. More important, not only do students enter college with unequal demonstrated abilities, but those inequalities tend to persist or, in the case of African-American students relative to white students, increase while they are enrolled in higher education. In addition to involving students in assessment, the University boost student success by creating authentic, quality assessments. Professors and students can only gain accurate knowledge of achievement through quality assessments. Valid and reliable assessments will clearly show the professor and student what knowledge and skills have been learned. From these results further learning can be initiated, whether that means re-teaching or setting newShow MoreRelatedThe Cohort Of Student Students1421 Words   |  6 Pagesdecades. All through China, students start in a school are place into classes and they reside in those classes in the company of each other for the whole time in that school except higher tests, which allow them to shift to a more superior group. It is understood in the Chinese structure that this grouping of students will deal with all of their subjects mutually. While in America, these types of student groups do not exist into classes. Instead, the thirty students tha t are together for Math classRead MoreStudent Leadership And The Student Association For Chinese University Students1468 Words   |  6 PagesStudents attending universities, with the emphasis switching from only focusing on academic experience to combining academic and social performance together. This study is an investigation of the GPA, family background and demographic predictors of being leaders in the student association for Chinese university students in elite universities. Questionnaires data were collected from 1661 students in four elite universities in 2013 to 2015. The GPA was identified as the most significant predictor ofRead MoreStudent Loan System For College Students1212 Words   |  5 PagesStudent Loan System Throughout the ages, society has evolved to overcome the challenges it faces from one generation to the next, by learning and advancing further than the previous ones. It has undergone a vast number of changes; however, mankind has never undermined the importance and necessity of a complex and well-educated society. Moreover, it is the duty of each one of us to make sure that the next generation takes a step further than the previous one. With this in mind, society has understoodRead MoreStudent Loan System For College Students1212 Words   |  5 PagesStudent Loan System Throughout the ages, society has evolved to overcome the challenges it faces from one generation to the next, by learning and advancing further than the previous ones. It has undergone a vast number of changes; however, mankind has never undermined the importance and necessity of a complex and well-educated society. Moreover, it is the duty of each one of us to make sure that the next generation takes a step further than the previous one. With this in mind, society has understoodRead MoreHelping Other Students On Young Students918 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper is an attempt to assist other students on how to become successful in college. There is a lot of pressure in college and course topics may seem difficult to understand or retain but there is always assistance in your college. The first topic I would like to cover is stress. Here is something to keep in mind if stress occurs. Did you know that stress could make you lose your short term and a long-term memory? Well it ca n. Therefore, in order to think clearly, to learn while in classRead MoreStress Student959 Words   |  4 Pagesinformative speech Purpose:   To inform the audience about student stress.   Thesis:   Today I will discuss about sources and effects of student stress and efficient ways to manage this emotional and physical strain. Organizational Pattern:   I. Introduction    A. Attention Getter   According to the Student Living Report 2002, an ongoing survey of student experiences carried out by MORI for the UNITE Group, more than half of students (53%) said they had become more stressed since startingRead MoreStudent Loans449 Words   |  2 PagesStudent Loans The federal government has the power to cutback the funding of student loans. There are several different ways the government can go about doing this. One way is to keep the amount of each loan the same and reduce the number of loans granted. Another option the government has is to reduce the amount of each loan and issue the same number as in the past. Either way, students that belong to a low-income family will be greatly affected. Cutbacks in the funding of student loansRead MoreInternational Students And The International Student951 Words   |  4 Pagesthought been an international student? If not you need to be well prepared to know about their issues and problems during their study life. International students who are seeking for the best education have specific needs and services. Every international institution or university must be aware of the international students requirements such as information about the city, the housing and the fees. There are many authentica ted surveys have shown that the major student enrollment to the united sateRead MoreEffectiveness Of Peer Support And Student Engagement On Student Success1406 Words   |  6 PagesExamining Student Success: The effectiveness of Peer support and Student Engagement on Student Success The use of peer-leader instructional learning (PIL), has been shown to be positively correlated with improving student self-efficacy, learning, grades, and confidence in past research (Hughes, 2011). However, most of this research has been carried out in Science, Technology Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) courses (e.g. upper level physics courses) (Murray, 2011). More research is needed in orderRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Asian Students And United States Students985 Words   |  4 Pageswith a student’ education. There are so many uses for technology that can show beneficial for both Asian students and United States students. Throughout the United States there is a wide variety of technology available for teachers. Mathematics Analysis Software, like scientific calculators, function graphers, and geometry packages are made available for students. Since the 1990’s a change in mathematics education has taken place because of the implementation of new ways to hel p students understand

Education Is The Key For Students Widespread Cheating

Fox news reported that more than 600 students have been expelled from school in India amid widespread cheating. In the Fox news article â€Å"600 Indian students expelled after footage shows parents scaling walls to pass cheat sheets there were parents and younger children climbing up a wall to hand other people notes so they would be able to pass their test.† Many people do not want to get expelled because in India if you get expelled from school for failing a test you basically get belittled in society. When I say belittled, I am trying to stress the fact that education is the key, in achieving a higher social class. True education cannot be accomplished without having a standard teaching method where both students widespread, teachers, along with administration break social boundaries to create a more productive learning environment without leaving students widespread any other option but to cheat. Teachers, along with administration play a big role when it comes down to students widespread participating in class and feeling like they are being treated equally. I say this because many students widespread, who are going to different schools around the world, each feel something towards a teacher who is teaching them. In the article, Teaching to Transgress, bell hooks states,†¦.several white professors made comments that could be viewed as horribly racist and the students left the group to share what was said around the college (2). This quote showsShow MoreRelatedAcademic Honesty - Essay 31242 Words   |  5 Pagesvarying views on what is considered cheating, and that cheating occurs in all academic levels and fields of study. Interestingly business students do not believe that cheating is as serious as students in other fields. I also found that there are many parties that are responsible for teaching students why academic honesty and integrity are so important. 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Furthermore, the emphasis has also been made that students are not the only concerned people for maintaining academic honesty but the te achers and other school staff also are also responsible in resolving the key constituents that can create academic dishonesty. One cannot ignore the fact that world is moving ahead at an unprecedented rate, which is also increasing the overallRead MorePlagiarism: a Social Problem1696 Words   |  7 Pagesas they read through a thick stack of essays. but only few have the literary theft tattooed on their permanent records, forever damaging their student and professional careers. Many students are unaware of what true plagiarism consists of and how easily it can occur. The Princeton Integrity Honor Code plainly states that plagiarism can include the key idea, the word choice, the order of the examples, and even the basic structure of original sentences (Academic). Plagiarism is not a new trendRead MorePerception And Perspectives On Plagiarism Of Postgraduate Research Methodology Students At A Distance Education Institution Essay1997 Words   |  8 PagesTitle Perception and perspectives on plagiarism of postgraduate research methodology students at a distance education institution. Literature review Most institutions, if not all, put a great amount of emphasis on plagiarism. Students are made aware of the fact that plagiarism will not be tolerated and consequences will follow if one is guilty of such actions. Although the conduct of plagiarism by students have consequences, such as being dismissed from the institution or not studying at any otherRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1454 Words   |  6 PagesInterestingly enough, National Basketball Association (NBA) generates less then college football and basketball (the value, 7). There is one key difference between the NBA and the NCAA. NBA players are paid on a commission basis for the revenue they help bring in. On the other hand, NCAA athletes are denied any monetary compensation. NCAA athletes are promised a free education if they dedicate themselves completely to their sports (Schneider, 2). This essay seeks to explore the reasons and consequences ofRead MoreWhy Do People Procrastinate And How Can They Avoid It?3145 Words   |  13 Pages 13 December 2014 Why Do People Procrastinate and How Can They Avoid It? Procrastination is pervasive. It has become a widespread tendency of delaying tasks, not only at work, but also in personal and social aspects of people’s lives. In the United States, the cost of procrastination is over a trillion dollars (Steel 101). By using time productively, people can change the procrastination model. Therefore, realization and awareness of the causes of procrastination can help people use different techniquesRead MoreErving Goffman Stigma6568 Words   |  27 PagesGoodman †¢ CoGnitive enhanCement, CheatinG, and aCComplishment Rob Goodman Cognitive Enhancement, Cheating, and Accomplishment ABSTRACT. An ethics of enhancement should not rest on blanket judgments; it should ask us to distinguish between the kinds of activities we want to enhance. Both students and academics have turned to cognition-enhancing drugs in significant numbers—but is their enhancement a form of cheating? The answer should hinge on whether the activity subject to enhancement isRead MoreNew Oriental Education And Technology Group1877 Words   |  8 PagesWhen considering the commodification of education, it is important to recognize that education has been progressively commoditized. Commodification is the transformation of goods and services, as well as ideas or other entities that normally may not be considered goods into a commodity. Today, education has to become a commodity for the benefit the unwashed masses. In developed countries, education often embedded in new technology is a key ingredient of commodification. Based on New Media an IntroductionRead MoreTurnitin Whitepaper Plagiar ism Web2440 Words   |  10 PagesWHITE PAPER Plagiarism and the Web: Myths and Realities An Analytical Study on Where Students Find Unoriginal Content on the Internet Prevent Plagiarism. Engage Students. www.turnitin.com Table of Contents 1.0 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 3 2.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 4 3.0 Popular Content

The Alcatel Lucent Merger Free Essays

Running Head: THE ALCATEL-LUCENT MERGER ! The Alcatel-Lucent Merger-What went wrong? American Public University 1 THE ALCATEL-LUCENT MERGER ! 2 The Alcatel-Lucent Merger-What went wrong? Referring to the case and this chapter, discuss what conditions and negotiation factors pushed forth the merger in 2006 that were not present in 2001. In 1999, as the Internet boom was approaching its apex, Lucent Technologies was the world’s largest telecommunications equipment company (Lazonick March, 2011). With revenues of $38. We will write a custom essay sample on The Alcatel Lucent Merger or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3 billion, net income of $4. billion, and 153,000 employees for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1999, Lucent was larger and more profitable than Nortel, Alcatel, and Ericsson, its three major global competitors (Lazonick March, 2011). Unfortunately for Lucent, as quickly as it rose to the top, it began to fall to the bottom. Lucent recognized, and so did its competitors, that something had to be done to sustain profitability in its market. In 2001, Alcatel of France, the communications equipment maker in Paris, and Lucent Technologies, the U. S. telecommunications giant, began negotiations for a merger of the two companies (Deresky, 2011, p. 76). In 2001, many communications companies began to see a fall in sales due to an internet crash. Companies like Lucent that were just years prior at the top of its game in the market were now quickly loosing sales and on the brink of bankruptcy (Lazonick March, 2011). Creating a merger was a choice that Lucent had to again gain power an d profitability, but mergers rarely go easily. As in this case there are two competitors attempting to come together and negotiate for a mutually acceptable agreement that affects the future of both companies and the employees. THE ALCATEL-LUCENT MERGER ! 3 By the mid-2000s it became evident that Lucent was faced with the choice of becoming merely a â€Å"niche† player in the communications technology industry or finding a partner to supplement its resources so that it could compete once again as a â€Å"full line† supplier. In May 2001, Alcatel and Lucent held initial merger talks with a view to creating a $50 billion global firm. A year earlier Lucent would have dominated such a combination. By May 2001, however, Lucent had already been severely damaged by the downturn in the telecommunications industry. In contrast, Alcatel sales and profits remained strong at the time of those merger talks. If the merger had gone through, Alcatel shareholders would have owned 58 percent of the combined company. It had been agreed that the new headquarters would be in Murray Hill, New Jersey and that Alcatel Chairman Serge Tchuruk would run the company. In the end, the 2001 merger failed when Alcatel insisted that because of its stronger position it would select 8 of the 14 board members, while Lucent Chairman Henry Schacht insisted that his company send two more members for an even split (Sorkin and Romero 2001). The 2001 merger was not successful because negotiations were not successful. For longterm positive relations, the goal should be to set up a win-win situation-that is to bring about a settlement beneficial to all parties concerned (Deresky, 2011, p. 152). Unfortunately, that was not the case with this merger. The two companies could not agree on how much control the French company would have. Lucent’s executives apparently wanted the deal as a â€Å"merger of equals,† rather than a takeover by Aslcatel (Deresky, 2011, p. 176). Furthermore, according to Deresky (2011), the negotiation process should encompass fives stages: preparation, relationship building, exchange of task-related information, persuasion, and concessions and agreement (p. 153). The entire negotiation process in 2001 had flaws. THE ALCATEL-LUCENT MERGER ! 4 Research the status of the merged company at the time of your reading this case. What has happened in the industry since the merger, and how is the company faring? In 2006, Alcatel was almost twice the size of Lucent in terms of revenues and employes when the merger that created Alcatel-Lucent took place (Lazonick March, 2011). Since then, the merger has proven to be successful overall. To support this, in February 2013, a five year managed services agreement was announced by Alcatel-Lucent with KPN, the leading telecommunications service provider in the Netherlands (Mena Report, 2013). According to the report, Alcatel-Lucent will plan, design and implement an end-to-end solution to provide KPNs network with increased capacity, upgraded equipment, and best-in-class customer service processes. Alcatel-Lucent will also help KPN transform its existing multi-vendor voice and core networks enabling its customers to access and share multimedia content from wherever they are or using the device of their choice be it a smartphone, computer or tablet (Mena Report, 2013). Two years after the merger, Alcatel-Lucent University received a certificate of quality from the European Foundation for Management Development, an honor bestowed on only 14 corporate universities throughout Europe (Alcatel-Lucent University, 2010). Evaluate the comment that the merger is â€Å"a giant transatlantic experiment in multicultural diversity. † What evidence is there that the company has run into cross-cultural problems since the merger took place in 2006? THE ALCATEL-LUCENT MERGER ! The comment was made because there were so many multicultural and diversity issues surrounding the merger. While Lucent was an American company that conducted its business within the borders of the United States, Alcatel was already a global business before the merger. Alcatel â€Å"already operated as an international company with a wide mix of nationalities† (Deresky, 2011, p. 176). The question was raised by many during the merger, â€Å"how will the merged company deal with cross-cultural conflicts? †, but Tchuruk said that, while cultural issues could arise, everything is under way to make sure this human factor is dealt with (Deresky, 2011, p. 176). This statement of confidence was actually part of the reason why the merger was actually somewhat ironically poised with problems because there were indeed many problems related to multicultural diversity. Some of these problems included language barriers between members of the merged companies, their stockholders, and other stakeholders. Analysts quickly suggested that the corporate culture of Lucent clashed with Alcatel’s French business model (Deresky, 2011, p. 177). This was coupled with Russo’s inability to work well with Tchuruk and it soon became clear that it was a poor decision to appoint leaders based on their nationality rather than their skills. Russo was also the first woman to run a company listed on the CAC 40 in the male dominated world where French business and politics overlap (Deresky, 2011, p. 77). Chinese rivals were also at Alcatel-Lucent’s doorstep providing similar service and technology for less money. According to Deresky (2011), a Barron’s article in August 2008 noted that â€Å"while it might have been helpful if outgoing CEO Patricia Russo had spoken French, that’s not why she and Chairman Serge Tchuruk failed to make a g o of the 2006 merger of Alcatel and Lucent Technologies (p. 177). 5 THE ALCATEL-LUCENT MERGER ! 6 How much of the decline do you attribute to leadership problems, as opposed to industry factors? I think the majority of the decline was attributed to leadership problems. The structure of the organization is only effective if the leaders within it are committed to achieving company objectives and working with each other as a team. They must perform their roles and responsibilities knowledgeably and creatively when necessary. The cultural change that was required to create an entrepreneurial sprit throughout the company began with executives being willing to relinquish some of their existing control to drive decision making downward through the organization. The purpose was to enable faster and better decisions and more competitive responses to market conditions and customer desires (Lazonick March, 2010). What, if any, factors should have been negotiated differently? Just about everything should have been done differently during the attempted first merger in 2001, but both companies did learn a lot from that merger and they were better prepared in 2006, although still a far cry from being as ready as they should have been. The executives of both companies really did not take cultural values and differences into consideration as much as they should have and as it turned out they had a difficult time communicating with each other, not only due to language barriers, but also just because business was conducted so differently between the French and American cultures. THE ALCATEL-LUCENT MERGER ! 7 References Alcatel-lucent to transform KPN s fixed network operations in the netherlands over next five years. (2013). MENA Report, Retrieved from http://search. roquest. com/docview/ 1313279184? accountid=8289 Alcatel-lucent university. (2010). Development and Learning in Organizations, 24(2), 31-32. doi: http://dx. doi. org/10. 1108/14777281011019515 Lazonick, W. , March, E. (2011). The rise and demise of lucent technologies. Journal of Strategic Management Education, 7(4), 201-270. Retrieved from http:// search. proquest. com/docview/1015336210? accountid=8289 Sorkin, Andrew Ross, and Simon Romero, 2001, Alcat el and Lucent call off negotiations toward a merger. New York Times, May 30. How to cite The Alcatel Lucent Merger, Essay examples

Should the state prioritise securing social order or respecting individual rights Essay Example

Should the state prioritise securing social order or respecting individual rights? Essay To start answering this question, what first must be done is to define the terms state, social order and individual rights. Of course, there are various definitions of what the state is and what the state should do but I will be concentrating on the theories of Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), John Locke (1632-1704) and Robert Nozick (1938-2002). To define what the state is is to see how far the state should and would go into securing such social order and delve into the private sphere i.e. that of individuals to secure it. It is not my task to decide which definition of the state is the most accurate, but to decide whether an encroachment on individual rights is acceptable to secure social order and such a breach could be termed utilitarianism or the greater good for the greatest number. To define social order, one must look at society and its stability. Social order is in essence a pattern of social norms and customs; both cultural and physical, that keeps society under control either by fear, obedience, dependence, or general acceptance that it is the best thing to do for either society or the individual. Individual rights are harder to define since they cover a various number of rights such as that of human rights, rights of privacy, legal and natural rights. My aim in this essay is to put forward my viewpoint; one that feels that securing social order is, to a large extent more important than respecting individual rights as far that the cause of such encroachment on individual rights is deemed necessary qualitatively and the severity of such a breach is not so great that it is likely to cause a backlash likely to result in revolt or is a breach of certain fundamental individual rights which I will describe later on. We will write a custom essay sample on Should the state prioritise securing social order or respecting individual rights? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Should the state prioritise securing social order or respecting individual rights? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Should the state prioritise securing social order or respecting individual rights? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The three definitions of the state I will use to reflect my own opinions are that of Hobbes; an absolute state, Locke; a more limited state refuting the rights of an absolute right of a monarch and Nozick; a minimal state interested only in protecting its citizens but not taking an active role in the lives of its citizens and not contravening any individual rights. First of all, an idea of an absolute state of the extent that Hobbes puts forward is set on the basis of trust; i.e. the subjects of the sovereign place trust in them such that they believe it is in their greatest interest for a state of nature is anarchical chaos. In such a placethe life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. (Hobbes 1991 ed, ch XIII) In such a case as this, it seems common sense to have a state, but perhaps not so absolute as Hobbes advocates. For Hobbes, Locke and Nozick, a state of nature is a similar state of anarchy but the logical next step in what a state will be and what powers they ar e to hold differ. With an absolute state, comes absolute power and this presents problems since the sovereign power is in all their capabilities, able to curb all individual rights for its own purpose or indeed, inversely, for social good and the good of many. My argument is that it is safer to have a state that is not absolute, but with diffuse power that whilst power is not held by all, it is held by a group which speaks for the people and of the people so severe infringement of individual rights is lessened and acceptable infringements are done for the greater good of which those that rule are part of. With my definition as described above, I now hope to show why securing social order is more important than respecting individual rights. I do not wish to go so far as to describe an Orwellian 1984 type state that removes the divide between the private and public spheres leading to an absence of individual rights with an absence of privacy but I do wish to show why I feel that social order is important in society for stability, protection co-operation. For example, if social order is absent, then the state has no power and if the state has no power, then we effectively fall back into anarchy or the state of nature which, as described by all of Hobbes, Locke and Nozick, is detrimental to humans. With social order, the state can exert a reasonable amount of power and force in order to keep society safe, obedient and efficient. In a minimal state such as that of Nozick, it is the states task to protect the public with military and police forces whilst not interfering in the private spher e at all. Whilst on the outset this looks sensible, it does not prevent the entire social system from collapsing as it does not control what society does. It may set out forms of legislation but it does not instil a set of norms into society and so, whilst taking care of the resulting problems, does nothing to prevent or take care of the causes of such problems. One important step in setting out my view is to maintain to what extent the securing of social order can take i.e. whether by necessary force or the like. In the present political climate and the War on Terrorism, some deem it necessary to sacrifice certain individual rights such as that to privacy in order to make society a safer place. Some would even go so far as to say that the detention and torture of terrorist suspects is also acceptable if it leads to results. The problem with doing such things as the results seen are only quantitative and not qualitative and so do not show the effect on the people these policies are directly affecting. Therefore, the form of the securing of social order should take is a limited one that does not infringe upon individual rights; primarily natural rights too much. This is not to say that securing social order is less important than respecting individual rights, but it is dependent upon it. The task of respecting individual rights is also of utmost importance since by doing so a state is more likely to be able to instil a sense of trust and obedience in its citizens. For Locke, as described by Held, the formation of a state does not signal the transfer of all subjects rights to the state[The States] central purpose: the preservation of life, liberty and estate. (Held 1990, 20) Certain individual rights therefore must be respected no matter what; the natural rights of man described by Hobbes and Locke. For Locke, in order for a state to flourish, man must have the enjoyment of their properties in Peace and Safety (Locke 1981 ed, 355). This essentially leads to the fact that certain individual rights such as privacy, safety from unnecessary harm and protection by the state upon entering such society should be respected. The extent to which the state can have its power in securing social order should be restricted. For Nozick, any interference beyond the areas of protectio n by the state contravened what the state and the sovereigns should be striving for and that the minimal state should not involve any more than protection through the forms of a set of legislation and a military and police force. For the legitimate power of a protective association are merely the sum of the individual rights of its members. (Nozick 1974, 89) For Nozick, a state in itself is effectively a protection agency that has risen out of the state of nature or anarchy. Therefore, it is the role of the state to respect all individuals rights. This however, is impractical to an extent since different individuals have different, conflicting rights. There are certain rights which are universal being the natural rights of man and it is the task of the state to uphold these; but it is more important to secure social order and so avoid the need for such strict protection in the first place. To sum up my argument, I believe, whilst respecting individual rights is of utmost importance, to take a utilitarian approach is a more sensible angle with which to tackle the problem. Therefore, whilst maintaining certain, unbreakable individual rights, it is sometimes necessary for a state to encroach on individual rights in order to maintain social order and a safer state for the greatest number.